"The only kind of voter fraud that SEA 483 addresses is in-person voter
impersonation at polling places. The record contains no evidence of any
such fraud actually occurring in Indiana at any time in its history.
Moreover, petitioners argue that provisions of the Indiana Criminal Code
punishing such conduct as a felony provide adequate protection against
the risk that such conduct will occur in the future. It remains true,
however, that flagrant examples of such fraud in other parts of the
country have been documented throughout this Nation's history by
respected historians and journalists, that occasional examples have
surfaced in recent years, and that Indiana's own experience with
fraudulent voting in the 2003 Democratic primary for East Chicago
Mayor-though perpetrated using absentee ballots and not in-person
fraud-demonstrate that not only is the risk of voter fraud real but that
it could affect the outcome of a close election."

Supreme Court Justice Stevens writing for the majority in Crawford v
Marion County Election Board

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